Saturday, October 27, 2012

Akt downregulation is involved in cannabinoid antitumoral action.

www.molecular-cancer.com  
Akt downregulation is involved in cannabinoid antitumoral action. - Figure

Marijuana Compound Kills Brain Tumors in Humans

ASA : Cancer and Medical Marijuana

ASA : Cancer and Medical Marijuana

Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression in Human Breast Cancer Cells through Cdc2 Regulation

Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol Inhibits Cell Cycle Progression in Human Breast Cancer Cells through Cdc2 Regulation

Author Affiliations
  1. 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University and 2Breast and Gynecological Cancer Group, Molecular Pathology Programme, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain
  1. Requests for reprints:
    Cristina Sánchez, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, School of Biology, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain. Phone: 34-913944668; Fax: 34-913944672; E-mail: csg@bbm1.ucm.es.

Abstract

It has been proposed that cannabinoids are involved in the control of cell fate. Thus, these compounds can modulate proliferation, differentiation, and survival in different manners depending on the cell type and its physiopathologic context. However, little is known about the effect of cannabinoids on the cell cycle, the main process controlling cell fate. Here, we show that Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), through activation of CB2 cannabinoid receptors, reduces human breast cancer cell proliferation by blocking the progression of the cell cycle and by inducing apoptosis. In particular, THC arrests cells in G2-M via down-regulation of Cdc2, as suggested by the decreased sensitivity to THC acquired by Cdc2-overexpressing cells. Of interest, the proliferation pattern of normal human mammary epithelial cells was much less affected by THC. We also analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR the expression of CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors in a series of human breast tumor and nontumor samples. We found a correlation between CB2 expression and histologic grade of the tumors. There was also an association between CB2 expression and other markers of prognostic and predictive value, such as estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and ERBB2/HER-2 oncogene. Importantly, no significant CB2 expression was detected in nontumor breast tissue. Taken together, these data might set the bases for a cannabinoid therapy for the management of breast cancer.(Cancer Res 2006; 66(13): 6615-21)

Footnotes

  • Received December 22, 2005.
  • Revision received April 6, 2006.
  • Accepted May 2, 2006.

Cannabis Helps Fight Cancer - Election Night Party - San Diego Medical Cannabis Support Group (La Mesa, CA) - Meetup

$10 suggested donation
DJ - Food - Drink - Dancing
This event is in support of the "Cannabis Helps" ribbon project, a campaign highlighting the medical benefits of cannabis for cancer treatment and other serious diseases.

This election is huge for medical cannabis. The San Diego Mayoral race is breaking toward a pro-medical cannabis mayor.
Lemon Grove, Solana Beach, and Del Mar are all holding votes on medical cannabis initiatives. And, of course, the biggest presidential choomer is going to be re-elected. Let’s watch history together, and raise money to make cannabis a viable treatment option for patients.

Cannabis Helps Fight Cancer - Election Night Party - San Diego Medical Cannabis Support Group (La Mesa, CA) - Meetup

MEDICAL MARIJUANA BACKERS HAIL COURT DECISION OVERTURNING CONVICTION OF DISPENSARY OPERATOR IN SAN DIEGO

MEDICAL MARIJUANA BACKERS HAIL COURT DECISION OVERTURNING CONVICTION OF DISPENSARY OPERATOR IN SAN DIEGO


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“By rejecting the Attorney General’s argument that patients who utilize dispensaries must collaborate…to cultivate the marijuana they purchase, the court is establishing a clear standard for dispensaries across the state.” –Joe Elford, Chief Counsel, Americans for Safe Access
By Nadin Abbott
OctoLance Rogers. Terrie Best and Jovan Jacksonber 26, 2012 (San Diego)—On Wednesday, the Fourth District Court of Appeal for California issued a unanimous ruling overturning the conviction of Jovan Jackson, the operator of Answerdam, a medical marijuana dispensary in Kearny Mesa.
The decision is being hailed by medical marijuana advocates as a landmark decision that could have far-reaching impacts for medical marijuana patients and dispensaries.
Following a 2007 raid on his dispensary, Jackson was tried for marijuana possession and sale in 2009 but was acquitted by a jury. San Diego District Attorney Bonnie Dumanis tried him again on the same charges following a second raid in 2009. This time, Jackson was denied a defense under the state's Medical Marijuana Program Act and he was convicted. Superior Court Judge Howard Shore referred to medical marijuana as “dope” and called California’s medical marijuana laws “a scam.”
The Appeals court found that he should have been allowed to present a defense and threw out the conviction. Jackson’s lawyer, Lance Rogers, is still waiting to learn if Dumanis will seek to retry the case at trial court. Also yet to be seen is whether California Attorney General Kamala Harris will appeal the Appellate Court’s ruling to the California Supreme Court.
What was significant in the ruling, according to Rogers, is that the Court found that “medical marijuana dispensaries can sell it. You can sell medical marijuana at retail and patients under the law are not required to grow their own cannabis.” Rogers spoke at a press conference Friday outside the Hall of Justice in downtown San Diego.
Moreover, according to Joe Elford, Chief Counsel for Americans for Safe Access, "By rejecting the Attorney General's argument that patients who utilize dispensaries must collaborate, or 'come together' in 'some way' to cultivate the marijuana they purchase, the court is establishing a clear standard for dispensaries across the state."
If there is no appeal to the California Supreme Court, this has now become the law in the State.
In finding that Jackson was entitled to a defense, the Court also set a precedent providing elements for a defense in future jury trials.
Jackson was sentenced to 180 days in jail, to be served after all appeals. He served 22 days, on a psychiatric evaluation after he tried to represent himself early on because he felt the public defender was not doing a good job. Since then, Jackson has tried to move on with his life and these days he makes his living as a barber.
As he told ECM, his life “was thrown into some chaos and waiting for the decisions has been hard.”
ECM also asked Rogers about the conflict that exists between federal and state law. It is illegal under Federal Law to have seeds, plants or any other product. This has not changed. But ECM raised the issue of a case in the Washington D.C. courts that is seeking to reschedule marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule II, which would allow it to be prescribed by doctors. The court expects to hear the case within months. Rogers hopes that this rescheduling does happen.
Locally, raids in the last two days since the ruling have intensified, said Rogers, adding that there is a list going around telling collectives to close up shop or face the law.
[read more at link]

Marijuana activists seethe at Obama's DNC ad - Kansas City Political Buzz | Examiner.com

Marijuana activists seethe at Obama's DNC ad - Kansas City Political Buzz | Examiner.com

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After months of relentless federal crackdowns on state-regulated medical marijuana dispensaries, President Barack Obama has appeared in a video with marijuana movie icons Harold and Kumar.
Many marijuana advocates are outraged by the appearance of hypocrisy this video suggests. Kal Penn, who played Kumar Patel in the "Harold and Kumar" films, left his acting career to work for President Obama in 2009 as Associate Director in the White House Office of Public Engagement. His appointment to the White House staff surprised many marijuana activists, mainly due to the political statements of his "Harold and Kumar" role.

ASA : A Fight for Marijuana Dispensaries in San Diego

ASA : A Fight for Marijuana Dispensaries in San Diego

Friday, October 26, 2012

Politics is Making Medical Marijuana Research Impossible | Alternative

Politics is Making Medical Marijuana Research Impossible | Alternative

"
Advocates argue that Cannabis needs to undergo legitimate scientific research to examine its potential uses for diseases such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and migraines, as well as for sleep disorders and skin conditions. Even for approved conditions, little research is available to assist the public and doctors in understanding optimum dosages and ideal methods of consumption, i.e. smoking versus eating. But because marijuana is considered a Schedule I illegal substance by the United States Federal government, with possession punishable by anywhere from 6 months to 7 years imprisonment and hefty fines, it is difficult to fund and conduct the necessary research to prove the validity of this controversial medicine.
“[The] AMA urges that marijuana’s status as a federal Schedule I controlled substance be reviewed with the goal of facilitating the conduct of clinical research and development of cannabinoid-based medicines.” American Medical Association, Nov 2009
In the state of Arizona, where about 100 medical dispensaries opened earlier this year, activist groups have been lobbying the government to receive additional funding for marijuana research. It was reported by local media that the Arizona State Department of Health Services has a $5 million surplus in its medical marijuana fund, but is not willing to release these funds towards much-needed research. The catch 22 is that the department will not add additional medical conditions to the list of diagnoses eligible for medical marijuana without expensive controlled clinical trials or observational studies. The political figure involved in overseeing the medical marijuana program, Health Director Will Humble, explains:  “If I wanted to I still couldn’t do it (release the funds) because the (Arizona Medical Marijuana) act requires that it be used to administer the act, doesn’t talk about research.”
The lack of strong lobbying initiatives from the mainstream medical establishment and pharmaceutical companies could mean that medical marijuana faces a slow process towards decriminalization and full research. Similar to their stance on natural cancer treatments, Big Pharma has very little incentive to pursue medical marijuana research because herbs, roots and plants are natural and therefore are not easily patentable. Hence, the companies involved in creating medicine are not interested in helping in decriminalizing and researching a plant that offers less opportunity for profit.
State advocate groups and local communities are likely continue to face political obstacles regarding a more comprehensive methodology towards understanding the full potential of medical marijuana. If the US Federal government stopped regarding cannabis in the similar category as heroin and methamphetamine, the political climate may become much more favorable, securing research grants may become easier, and getting additional studies approved by federal agencies may at last become possible.
Albeit challenging, studies examining the potential uses of medical marijuana have been taking place around the globe, such as ones conducted by the Center of Medical Cannabis Research (CMCR) at the University of San Diego. The State of California has spent $8.7 million in state funds over the last 10 years for 7 clinical trials conducted by the CMCR, in order to realize the medical benefits of pot and healthy ways to ingest marijuana. AT CMCR and around the world, scientists are investigating cannabinoids’ capacity to moderate autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and inflammatory bowel disease, as well as their role in the treatment of neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
“Every one of the studies showed a benefit…listing of marijuana as a Schedule I drug with no medical use is completely at odds with the existing science.” Dr. Igor Grant, a neuropsychiatrist and director of CMCR.

Sources:
http://www.sacbee.com/2012/07/12/4625608/california-pot-research-backs.html#storylink=cpy
http://norml.org/component/zoo/category/recent-research-on-medical-marijuana
http://norml.org/news/2009/11/12/american-medical-association-calls-for-scientific-review-of-marijuana-s-prohibitive-status
http://www.cmcr.ucsd.edu/
About the Author
Anna Hunt is a writer, entrepreneur and yoga instructor. She enjoys raising her children and being a voice for optimal human health and wellness. Read more of her excellent articles here, and visit her website PuraVidaYogaVacations.com.
This article is offered under Creative Commons license. It’s okay to republish it anywhere as long as attribution bio is included and all links remain intact.
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Initiative 502: legalization of marijuana in Washington state | Northwest Voices | The Seattle Times

Initiative 502: legalization of marijuana in Washington state | Northwest Voices | The Seattle Times


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Unpredictability of marijuana
The immense desire many have for the legalization of marijuana has spawned a great variety of rational arguments, such as: Why should we illegalize a natural plant that is commonly used for medicating and healing purposes? [“Pot initiative a tough sell in Eastern Washington,” page one, Oct. 22]. Also, legalizing marijuana would force street drug dealers to lose most or all of their business.
Cannabis is already ubiquitous within our society and very accessible for many. Why make it even easier?
I am aware that the legalization of marijuana would only make it accessible to those who are 21 and over, but that doesn’t mean the youth won’t be able to get their hands on it.
Marijuana affects everyone in a distinct manner. Some people are able to take a relatively large dosage and define their mental state as “fine” or “normal” while others who take a small dosage find themselves in a very psychedelic state. Its effects can be unpredictable and this unpredictability makes it especially dangerous for those who choose to drive while under the influence of the drug.
Our society doesn’t need the legalization of marijuana.
— Sheidy Rantung, Everett


Protect our children through conversation
I am the mother of three children — 17, 15 and 11. I support I-502. I have never been high. I do not support the legalization of marijuana because I want to partake in marijuana or want my children to. I support I-502 because I would like to spend the resources on enforcement on more valuable, effective and worthy public activities...[ read more at link]

Lindsey: Cures Colon Cancer With Cannabis in 48 days | Chris Beat Cancer

Lindsey: Cures Colon Cancer With Cannabis in 48 days | Chris Beat Cancer

clip from article: 
The chemo was causing more harm than good.
That day I made life a changing decision (either way), I told the oncologist I want the chemo to stop and the remainder of my “treatment” to be an opportunity for me to heal myself holistically. She wasn’t happy but gave me an appointment for the 23rd May 2012. Saying they will still follow protocol and treat me even if I don’t take the chemo. I wondered whether she didn’t worry too much because she probably believed I wouldn’t be alive on the 23rd May.
Around that time I met some interesting people on facebook who had a lot to say about cannabis oil curing cancer, I did all the research I could do and could only come up with positive things about the plant. The testimonials of people who have been cured were incredible. I can’t mention names, but I wrote on the wall of one of the groups that are fighting to legalize cannabis, asking if anyone knew where I could get my hands on some cannabis oil. I already knew about the benefits while on chemo.
A few days later the universe hooked me up with just the right person – and within days I was sorted.
I managed to connect with some people who are taking the legal issue to parliament. These people knew some people who were growing the herb to heal people with cancer.  I paid R7200.00 for 6 syringes for the full dose needed to ingest to kill the cancer, which was 6 syringes full.  (Depending on the exchange rate, R7200 South African Rands = $900-1000 US Dollars.)
Cannabis is very strong and the idea is to build up the daily dose over time. One dose is a drop on your finger about the size of “half a grain of rice”.  The syringe is the easiest way to store and produce one drop of oil at a time.  I took all 6 syringes, which totalled 18 grams, in 46 days. Most people take about 90 days.
Now, after doing more research, I plan to buy a Vaporizer to get the oil (like Shona Banda) or will juice raw cannabis, which will work out MUCH cheaper.
There are loads of sites about cannabis oil, one of the best is Phoenix Tears, if you are looking for more information on the subject. http://phoenixtears.ca/make-the-medicine
I started my new treatment on the day I walked out the hospital, declaring my “independence”.  It’s been a journey…Mostly hilarious, but some not so funny experiences as well.
I feel strong, brave, invincible…and I’m so loved…that’s worth staying for, I would say! [ read more at link]

Feds Raid Legal Medical Marijuana Dispensary In San Diego

Feds Raid Legal Medical Marijuana Dispensary In San Diego

Tuesday, October 23, 2012

Cannabis and cancer chemotherapy. A comparison of oral delta-9-thc and prochlorperazine - Thomas - 2006 - Cancer - Wiley Online Library

Cannabis and cancer chemotherapy. A comparison of oral delta-9-thc and prochlorperazine - Thomas - 2006 - Cancer - Wiley Online Library 

Abstract

Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and prochlorperazine (Compazine) were found to be equally efficacious in reducing nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy across a wide range of chemotherapeutic regimens and tumor types. Both drugs were administered orally one hour before chemotherapy, then every four hours for a total of four doses. Compazine was administered in a fixed dose of 10 mg; THC was administered by body surface area (BSA): BSA < 1.4 m2 = 7.5 mg; BSA 1.4-1.8 m2 = 10 mg; and BSA > 1.8 m2 = 12.5 mg. Two hundred and fourteen subjects (75% of whom had previously received Compazine with varying results) were evaluated employing a double-blind, crossover design. Additional parameters evaluated were study drug effects on appetite, food intake, mood, activity, relaxation, interaction, and concentration. There were significant drug effects with THC: less ability to concentrate (P < 0.01), less social interaction (P < 0.05), and less activity (P < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two drugs in the level of food intake or appetite. Patients of all ages did equally well on both drugs. Neither past marijuana use nor past Compazine use were related to study drug efficacy. Those patients who correctly identified their THC cycle did better on THC versus those who could not correctly identify which antiemetic they had received (P < 0.05). There were more drug-related effects associated with THC, but these did not reduce the patients' preference for the drug, and were associated with nausea reduction (P < 0.05).

Comparison of Orally Administered Cannabis Extract and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Treating Patients With Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome: A Multicenter, Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial From the Cannabis-In-Cachexia-Study-Group

Comparison of Orally Administered Cannabis Extract and Delta-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in Treating Patients With Cancer-Related Anorexia-Cachexia Syndrome: A Multicenter, Phase III, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial From the Cannabis-In-Cachexia-Study-Group

Wednesday, October 17, 2012

PTSD sufferers should keep access to medical cannabis - The Santa Fe New Mexican

PTSD sufferers should keep access to medical cannabis - The Santa Fe New Mexican

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New Mexico’s decision to allow post-traumatic stress disorder as a condition that can be treated with medical marijuana is helping sufferers across the state cope with their symptoms. Some 3,300 patients are taking advantage of that access, using medical-grade cannabis to treat symptoms of this little-understood malady. Many are veterans of war, others are survivors of tragedies, including sexual assault. Anecdotally, they tell us that marijuana helps them deal with life. Reporter Deborah Busemeyer details their stories — and the debate over PTSD and medical cannabis — in today’s Santa Fe New Mexican, showing how desperate people turned to cannabis for help, many as a last measure.
That treatment could be taken away, though. Access to medical marijuana for PTSD is being questioned in New Mexico. To skeptics, there is not enough scientific evidence to prove that sufferers benefit from smoking or consuming pot. In November, the New Mexico Medical Cannabis Advisory Board will review a petition asking that PTSD be removed as a condition for which medical marijuana can be prescribed through the state’s Medical Cannabis Program. Psychiatrist Dr. William Ulwelling is petitioning the state because he believes there is a lack of evidence showing that medical marijuana helps PTSD. What’s more, he thinks that medical cannabis is a risk for sufferers of PTSD, leading to substance abuse problems and other injury. After the board considers his petition Nov. 7 — veterans are expected to turn out to testify in favor of keeping marijuana access — the interim deputy health secretary will make a final decision. [read more at link]

Wash. could become first state to OK pot sales - Businessweek

Wash. could become first state to OK pot sales - Businessweek  


clip from article: Washington state is on the verge of becoming the first in the nation to let adults over 21 buy taxed, inspected marijuana at state-licensed shops.
It might not clear up more than a decade of confusion that resulted from the state's medical marijuana law, or reverse the proliferation of dispensaries. But supporters say passing Initiative 502 on Nov. 6 could make drug laws more reasonable, prevent thousands of arrests a year, and bring Washington hundreds of millions of dollars to help pay for schools, health care and basic government services. [read more at link]

Oakland sues U.S. government to defend pot dispensary in city

Oakland sues U.S. government to defend pot dispensary in city 


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The city of Oakland has sued to block U.S. authorities from closing down a prominent medical marijuana dispensary that is featured on a reality television show, escalating a long-running conflict with the federal government over pot.
The lawsuit by Oakland's city attorney asks a federal judge to declare as unlawful federal government attempts to close down Harborside Health Center, which is featured in the Discovery Channel reality show "Weed Wars."
The action, filed on Wednesday in U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California, follows a forfeiture action against the property where the dispensary is situated that was filed in July by the U.S. Attorney's office, officials said. [read more at link]

HIGH TIMES Medical Cannabis Cup in Seattle - Day One


Published on Sep 16, 2012 by
Check out the highlights from day one - Saturday, September 15 - at the first-ever HIGH TIMES Medical Cannabis Cup in Seattle!

The Oregonian Supports Taxing Marijuana, But Only If We Lie About It | The Weed Blog

The Oregonian Supports Taxing Marijuana, But Only If We Lie About It | The Weed Blog


 clip from article : Today marijuana activists in Oregon (and beyond!) were treated with two of the best articles I have read in awhile. The first one is by the legendary Radical Russ Belville, and originally appeared on his website, which I strongly encourage all TWB readers to check out early and often. There’s a ton of great stuff over there and Radical Russ is always working extra hard to post new material on just about every media format there is possible. The second article is by one of my heroes, Executive Director of the National Cannabis Coalition Anthony Johnson. As I’ve said before, the National Cannabis Coalition is making BIG moves, and I encourage readers to check out their site as well! [read more at link]


Medical Marijuana, Inc Commends Industrial Hemp and Medical Marijuana Industry's Milestone Movement in Judicial and Electoral Decisions - WKRN, Nashville News, Nashville Weather and Sports

Medical Marijuana, Inc Commends Industrial Hemp and Medical Marijuana Industry's Milestone Movement in Judicial and Electoral Decisions - WKRN, Nashville News, Nashville Weather and Sports 

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SAN DIEGO, Oct. 17, 2012 /PRNewswire/ -- Medical Marijuana, Inc. (OTC: MJNA), a leading hemp industry innovator, applauds the pioneering work that could change decriminalization and implementation of Medical Marijuana and Hemp laws in this country for the first in nearly 20 years.
The past 10 months have proven to be some of the strongest to date for the legalization, decriminalization and implementation of marijuana laws in the United States, along with a few other countries throughout the world.  This momentum appears to be shifting in favor of pro-medical marijuana, as the most recent Gallup polls on the issue show that approximately 50% of Americans believe that marijuana should be legalized nationwide for recreational uses, along with an astounding 74% of Americans in favor of legalizing marijuana for medical purposes. With less than three weeks until Election Day, the medical marijuana debate has become even more of a hot topic, igniting talk of significant job creation, medicinal relief and millions of dollars in tax revenues for struggling state economies. Apart from the increased support for the end of marijuana prohibition, the industrial hemp movement has picked up significantly in the United States as well.
On October 16, something truly groundbreaking occurred in this country: medical marijuana patients and advocates convened in the Washington D.C. Circuit Court to present scientific evidence and question the federal government's classification of marijuana as a Schedule 1 dangerous drug with no medical value. According to the Controlled Substances Act of 1970, marijuana has been categorized as "a high potential for abuse", "no accepted medical use in treatment in the United States", and no "accepted level of safety for use under medical supervision." Other drugs classified under Schedule I listing include heroin, PCP, LSD, and MDMA (ecstasy), while cocaine, opium and injected methamphetamine are listed as a Schedule II, which indicates medically beneficial but only under strict regulations.[read more at link]

Regulating Cannabis Works. Support Propositions H, W & T

Regulating Cannabis Works. Support Propositions H, W & T


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Citizens for Patient Rights is pleased to announce the successful submission of our signature petitions for the initiative to allow and regulate medical marijuana in the City of La Mesa. Today, October 1st, at 4:36pm, we submitted over 6,500 signatures to the La Mesa City Clerk for review. Next, these signatures will be forwarded on to the San Diego County Registrar of Voters who will have 30 days to verify the successful submission of the 3,034 valid signatures needed in order to qualify our initiative for a vote of the people.
This submission is a victory for the thousands of patients, caregivers and supporters in La Mesa who supported this signature drive and is another step towards giving the voters of La Mesa a voice on whether to allow regulated medical marijuana access for the patients and caregivers in their community.
If successful, this will be the fifth initiative petition to allow and regulate medical marijuana access that Citizens for Patient Rights has successfully qualified in San Diego County since May of 2012. Three of the initiatives qualified by Citizens for Patient Rights will appear on the ballot this November - Proposition H in Del Mar, Proposition W in Solana Beach and Proposition T in Lemon Grove. A fourth initiative, to allow and regulate medical marijuana in the City of Encinitas, will appear on the ballot for the next election after the November general election.
Citizens for Patient Rights is proud to be a partner to patients, caregivers and supporters in all areas of San Diego County who desire safe, regulated, access with local municipal oversight.
For more information, visit www.citizens4patientrights.org.
  [read more at link]

Cannabis eases multiple sclerosis (MS) stiffness: study - New York Daily News

Cannabis eases multiple sclerosis (MS) stiffness: study - New York Daily News


"Use of cannabis extract helps ease painful muscle stiffness among patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), according to a large trial published on Tuesday in the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry.
The "Phase III" test -- the final stage in a process to vet a new drug or medical process -- took place among 22 centres in Britain.
Over 12 weeks, 144 patients were given daily tablets of tetrahydrocannabinol, which is the active ingredient in cannabis, and 135 were given a dummy pill, also called a placebo."
[read more at link]